腹壁可触及肿物的成像鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 腹尿管出血A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )腹尿管出血散见于腹和膀胱密切关系，一般来说位处腹尿管的下1/3 ，但也可散见于仅位处腹下。这些出血可显出为完全无回波或低回波。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 平面图11A，腹尿管出血，此出血已受病毒感染，之下成分较弱回波的液体。B，腹尿管出血，紧绷的出血前壁产生入射伪影。

..Endometriosis乳房血管壁甲状腺肿Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).浸润乳房血管壁甲状腺肿是乳房手术后的仍然合并症，无特殊显出，但可于之前手术的瘢痕一处见一局部肿物，并有周期官能的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 平面图12 ，剖宫产纹身一处乳房血管壁甲状腺肿

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 浸润血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可时有发生复发官能腹痛后、喷嚏或癫痫复发后，其根源一般来说是抗凝放射治疗或出血官能疾病。由于血肿限制于腹直肌鞘内，一般来说不不小，其圆形根据所一处一段距离而定，在尾端新线以上，血肿常为卵圆形，AU呈上下方向，可于右侧看到（平面图13A）；在尾端新线表列，由于腹白新线缺如，可扩展移向中会新线，因此血肿显出为分丝状，其仅次于长度位处一组上。在男婴浸润血肿可散见于腹上横向扩展（平面图13B、C）。术后弥散官能血管内人体内的放射治疗可于浸润手术瘢痕一处看到大的血肿（平面图13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 平面图13A，一中会年妇女更为严重腹痛后腹直肌鞘血肿，箭头指示腹横皮下。B，男婴浸润血肿。C，一男婴腹静脉黏附一处上面的浸润血肿。UV，腹静脉。D，一弥散官能血管内人体内的剖宫产术后放射治疗疤痕一处浸润血肿。

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